宮入さんの誕生日

6月はじめに、MALTでのマシンタイムがありました。

MALTは、微量な同位体元素を測定できる加速器がある施設で、横山研では14C、Be10、Al26などを測定しています。

参考：　4年前のマシンタイムのDiary　　2年前のマシンタイムのDiary

とくに、14Cのマシンタイムは、学生が総出で測定を行うため、この日は学生の大半がMALTにいました。

さらに、次の日は学生たちに14Cの測定方法を教えてくれている宮入さんの誕生日ということで、宮入さんが出かけている間に学生でケーキを準備しました。

新入生が中心に飾り付けしてくれたケーキ。

宮入さん、喜んでもらえましたか？

ハワイ大-AORIジョイントシンポジウム3 〜ハワイ大学構内〜

アップが遅くなってしまいましたが、ハワイの報告その３です。

ハワイ大ーAORIジョイントシンポジウムは、ハワイ大学マノア校のEast West centerというところで開かれました。

以下、ハワイ大学構内で撮った写真をいくつか載せます。

ハワイ大学構内。緑が多くて、きれいな花がたくさん咲いていました。

中でもお気に入りはプルメリア。

木に咲いている時は小さい花がまとまって咲いているように見えますが、

落ちてきた花を見ると実際はひとつひとつが大きくて花びらが分厚いんです。

こんな花が落ちてたらレイを作りたくなるなぁ、と思いました。

East-West Centerの前にあった石像。シーサー？

自転車置き場。かっこいい自転車ばっかり。

アメリカにはママチャリは無いそうです。

構内にあったバオバブの木。

ものすごく幹が太くて、これなら中に住めそうです。

私は海外の大学に行くのは初めてだったので、その雰囲気がとても新鮮でした。
芝生が多くて、広場がたくさんあって、生協や食堂も雰囲気が違いました。

ハワイ大学に行く途中の公園の芝生でフリスビーをしている人たちを見かけ、
スティーブさんは、アメリカでこうやってフリスビーしてたんだなぁと思いました。

研究についてもいろいろと刺激を受けた4日間でしたが、海外に行って、現地の研究者と話をして生活などを知ることができたこと自体も良い経験でした。

新着論文紹介20120626 ELSEVIER

新着論文紹介20120626 ELSEVIER

Quaternary Science Reviews Volume 46,  Pages 1-150, 16 July 2012

1. Vegetation, climate and fire regime changes in the Andean region of southern Chile (38°S) covaried with centennial-scale climate anomalies in the tropical Pacific over the last 1500 years

Fletcher, M.-S., and P. I. Moreno (2012) Quaternary Science Reviews 46:46-56.

doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.04.016. Full Article

Pollen and charcoal analysis from lake in the Andes of Chile

reveal centennial-scale changes in vegetation, climate and fire regime since 1500 cal yr BP

results suggest that the Medieval Climate Anomaly was relatively warm and dry followed by a cool-wet climate during the Little Ice Age

2. Fine scale sediment structure and geochemical signature between eastern and western North Atlantic during Heinrich events 1 and 2

Rashid, H., F. Saint-Ange, D. C. Barber, M. E. Smith, and N. Devalia (2012) Quaternary Science Reviews 46:136-150.

doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.04.026. Full Article

Heinrich iceberg-rafting events 1 and 2 (H1 and H2) in the Labrador Sea

nepheloid-flow deposit sedimentary structure

data suggest that the discharge from the Hudson Strait ice-stream was followed by Cumberland Sound ice-sheet during H1 and H2

comparison with North Atlantic and western European margin cores

3. Centennial- to millennial-scale climate oscillations in the Central-Eastern Mediterranean Sea between 20,000 and 70,000 years ago: evidence from a high-resolution geochemical and micropaleontological record

Sprovieri, M., S. Di, Enrico, A. Incarbona, M. Salvagio, Daniela, N. Pelosi, d. A. Ribera, Maurizio, and R. Sprovieri (2012) Quaternary Science Reviews 46:126-135.

doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.005. Full Article

geochemical record from the sediments of Mediterranean basin shows centennial/millennial-scale resemblance to the Greenland ice cores between 20 and 70 kyr BP

Ba/Ca values suggest enhanced freshwater input from the north-eastern Mediterranean borderland during the D/O interstadials

4. Last Glacial Maximum climate in New Zealand inferred from a modelled Southern Alps icefield

Golledge, N., R., A. Mackintosh, N., B. Anderson, M., K. Buckley, M., A. Doughty, M., D. Barrell, J.A., G. Denton, H., M. Vandergoes, J., B. Andersen, G., and J. Schaefer, M. (2012) Quaternary Science Reviews 46:30-45.

doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.05.004. Full Article

high-resolution simulation of the entire Southern Alps LGM icefield

using a physically-based numerical ice-sheet model

best model-based agreement with mapped LGM ice limits when forced with temperature depressions of 6–6.5 °C and a 0–25% reduction in precipitation compared to present

5. Correlation of Late Quaternary moraines: impact of climate variability, glacier response, and chronological resolution

Kirkbride, M. P., and S. Winkler (2012) Quaternary Science Reviews 46:1-29.

doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.04.002. Full Article

Outlines conceptual complexities of interpreting past climate from moraine sequences

Highlights the multi-faceted nature of error in moraine correlation

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Volumes 344–345,  Pages 1-94, 1 August 2012

6. A late Eocene palynological record of climate change and Tibetan Plateau uplift (Xining Basin, China)

Hoorn, C., J. Straathof, H. Abels, A., Y. Xu, T. Utescher, and G. Dupont-Nivet (2012) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 344–345:16-38.

doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.05.011. Full Article

Climate models suggest that Asian monsoon was primarily governed by tectonic uplift. However, the cause and timing of paleoenvironmental changes remain poorly constrained

saline lake Xining Basin at the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau (NW China)

pollen record

Pollen suggest a high topography in NE Tibet prior to the E/O boundary

Chemical Geology Volumes 318–319,  Pages 1-138, 15 July 2012

7. The dependence of meteoric 10Be concentrations on particle size in Amazon River bed sediment and the extraction of reactive 10Be/9Be ratios

Wittmann, H., F. von Blanckenburg, J. Bouchez, N. Dannhaus, R. Naumann, M. Christl, and J. Gaillardet (2012) Chemical Geology 318–319:126-138.

doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.04.031. Full Article

grain size dependency presents a formidable obstacle to routine applications of meteoric cosmogenic 10Be to basin-wide erosion studies

10Be/9Be ratio offers important advantages over methods employing single meteoric 10Be concentrations, such that this ratio can now be developed as quantitative tracer for Earth surface processes

8. Accurate trace element analysis of speleothems and biogenic calcium carbonates by LA-ICP-MS

Jochum, K. P., D. Scholz, B. Stoll, U. Weis, S. Wilson, A., Q. Yang, A. Schwalb, N. Börner, D. Jacob, E., and M. Andreae, O. (2012) Chemical Geology 318–319:31-44.

doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.05.009. Full Article

inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)

analytical problems associated with this method, such as molecular interferences, elemental fractionation, and mass-load-dependent matrix effects

Quaternary International Volume 266,  Pages 1-188, 17 July 2012

Geoarchaeology of Egypt and the Mediterranean: reconstructing Holocene landscapes and human occupation history

9. Oxygen and carbon isotopic records in Holocene freshwater mollusc shells from the Faiyum palaeolakes, Egypt: Palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic implications

Hassan, F. A., M. A. Hamdan, R. J. Flower, and K. Keatings (2012) Quaternary International 266:175-187.

doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2011.11.024. Full Article

Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes of freshwater mollusc shells from a sequence of dated palaeolake deposits in the Faiyum Depression, Egypt, provide an outline record of lake development during the Holocene

10,000 to 7700 cal BP intensified monsoonal activity

6000 to 4300 cal BP precipitation was decreased until a dramatic reduction in Nile flood discharge 

おすすめ論文紹介 2012.06.26

おすすめ論文紹介　2012.06.26　担当; D2　川久保

Laser Ablation ICP-MSを用いた生物源炭酸塩試料中微量金属元素分析

Laser Ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS)は近年、急速に発達してきた手法であり、局所分析が可能であることから、様々な地球化学試料に応用されている。今回は、私たちの研究分野である古環境復元の分野に注目し、LA-ICP-MSを用いた生物源炭酸塩試料中の微量元素分析への応用例を紹介する。

まずは、LA-ICP-MSを用いた地球化学試料分析の概観を知るのに有用な論文

1, レーザーアブレーション-誘導結合プラズマ質量分析法による地球化学試料の微量元素分析

平田岳史ほか (2004). 分析化学

2, 誘導結合プラズマ質量分析法における元素定量及び同位体分析技術の進歩とその地球化学への応用

大野剛ほか (2004). 分析化学

3, Recent biological and environmental applications of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS)

Steven F. Durrant and Neil I. Ward (2005). J. Anal. At. Spectrom. ,20, 821-829

ここから、LA-ICP-MSの生物源炭酸塩試料への応用例

Coral

4, High resolution analysis of trace elements in corals by laser ablation ICP-MS

Sinclair D. J., Kinsley L. P. J. and McCulloch M. T. (1998). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 62, 1889-1901.

5, Examining water temperature proxies in Porites corals from the Great Barrier Reef: a cross-shelf comparison

Fallon S. J, McCulloch M. T. and Alibert C., (2003). Coral Reefs 22, 389-404.

6, Laser ablation ICP-MS screening of corals for diagenetically affected areas applied to Tahiti corals from the last deglaciation

Ed C. Hathorne, , Thomas Felis, Rachael H. James, Alex Thomas (2011). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75, 1490-1506.

Foraminifera

7, Mg/Ca variation in planktonic foraminifera tests: implications for reconstructing palaeo-seawater temperature and habitat migration

Stephen Eggins, Patrick De Deckker, John Marshall (2003). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 212, 291-306

8, Uncertainties in seawater thermometry deriving from intratest and intertest Mg/Ca variability in Globigerinoides ruber

Aleksey Sadekov, Stephen M. Eggins, Patrick De Deckker, Dick Kroon (2008). Paleoceanography, vol. 23

9, Environmental versus biomineralization controls on the intratest variation in the trace element composition of the planktonic foraminifera G. inflata and G. scitula

Ed C. Hathorne, Rachael H. James, Richard S. Lampitt (2009). Paleoceanography, vol. 24

Bivalves

10, Mg in aragonitic bivalve shells: Seasonal variations and mode of incorporation　in Arctica islandica

L.C. Foster A.A. Finch, N. Allison, C. Andersson, L.J. Clarke (2008). Chemical Geology 254, 113-119

11, Profiles of trace elements and stable isotopes derived from giant long-lived Tridacna gigas bivalves: Potential applications in paleoclimate studies

M. Elliot, K. Welsh, C. Chilcott, M. McCulloch, J. Chappell, B. Ayling (2009). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 280, 132-142

12, Interannual climate variability in the Miocene: High resolution trace element and stable isotope ratios in giant clams

Sietske J. Batenbur, Gert-Jan Reichart, Tom Jilbert, Max Janse, Frank P. Wesselingh, Willem Renema (2011). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 305, 75-81

Speleothem

13, Complex speleothem growth processes revealed by trace element mapping and scanning electron microscopy of annual layers

P. C. Treble, John Chappell, and J. M. G. Shelly (2005). Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 69, 4355-4363

14, Seasonal trace-element and stable-isotope variations in a Chinese speleothem: The potential for high-resolution paleomonsoon reconstruction

Kathleen R. Johnson, Chaoyong Hu, Nick S. Belshaw, Gideon M. Henderson (2006). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 244, 394-407

Otolith

15, Natal Homing in a Marine Fish Metapopulation

Simon R. Thorrold, Christopher Latkoczy, Peter K. Swart, Cynthia M. Jones (2001). Science 291, 297-299

ハワイのような天気の日には

フリスビー！