New Papers (Nature, Science, etc...) 2014/10/22~2014/10/28

Nature

1. Characterizing and predicting the magnetic environment leading to solar eruptions

Tahar Amari, Aurélien Canou & Jean-Jacques Aly

Nature 514, 465–469 (23 October 2014) doi:10.1038/nature13815

2. Limited impact on decadal-scale climate change from increased use of natural gas

Haewon McJeon, Jae Edmonds, Nico Bauer, Leon Clarke, Brian Fisher, Brian P. Flannery, Jérôme Hilaire, Volker Krey,                Giacomo Marangoni, Raymond Mi, Keywan Riahi, Holger Rogner & Massimo Tavoni

Nature 514, 482–485 (23 October 2014) doi:10.1038/nature13837

3. Pre-Columbian mycobacterial genomes reveal seals as a source of New World human tuberculosis

Kirsten I. Bos, Kelly M. Harkins, Alexander Herbig, Mireia Coscolla, Nico Weber, Iñaki Comas, Stephen A. Forrest, Josephine M. Bryant, Simon R. Harris, Verena J. Schuenemann, Tessa J. Campbell, Kerttu Majander, Alicia K. Wilbur, Ricardo A. Guichon,   Dawnie L. Wolfe Steadman,   Della Collins Cook,      Stefan Niemann, Marcel A. Behr, Martin Zumarraga, Ricardo Bastida, Daniel Huson, Kay Nieselt, Douglas Young, Julian Parkhill, Jane E. Buikstra et al.

Nature 514, 494–497 (23 October 2014) doi:10.1038/nature13591

Science

4. Paleoindian settlement of the high-altitude Peruvian Andes

Kurt Rademaker, Gregory Hodgins, Katherine Moore, Sonia Zarrillo, Christopher Miller, Gordon R. M. Bromley, Peter Leach, David A. Reid, Willy Yépez Álvarez, and Daniel H. Sandweiss

Science 24 October 2014:Vol. 346 no. 6208 pp. 466-469

DOI: 10.1126/science.1258260

PNAS

5. Ultra-high-resolution paleoenvironmental records via direct laser-based analysis of lipid biomarkers in sediment core samples

Lars Wörmer, Marcus Elvert, Jens Fuchser, Julius Sebastian Lipp, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Matthias Zabel, and Kai-Uwe Hinrichs

doi: 10.1073/pnas.1405237111

6. Strong influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation on flood risk around the world

Philip J. Ward, Brenden Jongman, Matti Kummu, Michael D. Dettinger, Frederiek C. Sperna Weiland, and Hessel C. Winsemius

doi: 10.1073/pnas.1409822111

7. Direct numerical simulations of aeolian sand ripples

Orencio Durán, Philippe Claudin, and Bruno Andreotti

doi: 10.1073/pnas.1413058111

8. Trait-based diversification shifts reflect differential extinction among fossil taxa

Peter J. Wagner and George F. Estabrook

doi: 10.1073/pnas.1406304111

Nature Communications

9. Subduction of fracture zones controls mantle melting and geochemical signature above slabs

Vlad C. Manea, William P. Leeman, Taras Gerya, Marina Manea & Guizhi Zhu

Nature Communications 5, Article number: 5095 doi:10.1038/ncomms6095

Nature Geoscience

10. Nitrogen speciation in upper mantle fluids and the origin of Earth's nitrogen-rich atmosphere

Sami Mikhail & Dimitri A. Sverjensky

Nature Geoscience (2014) doi:10.1038/ngeo2271

Nature Climate Change

11. Household electricity access a trivial contributor to CO2 emissions growth in India

Shonali Pachauri

Nature Climate Change (2014) doi:10.1038/nclimate2414

Scientific Reports

12. A tree-ring reconstruction of the South Asian summer monsoon index over the past millennium

Feng Shi, Jianping Li & Rob J. S. Wilson

Scientific Reports 4, Article number: 6739 doi:10.1038/srep06739

Geology

13. Measuring the time and scale-dependency of subaerial rock weathering rates over geologic time scales with ground-based lidar

Amit Mushkin, Amir Sagy, Eran Trabelci, Rivka Amit, and Naomi Porat

Geology, first published on October 17, 2014, doi:10.1130/G35866.1

14. Temperature and leaf wax δ2H records demonstrate seasonal and regional controls on Asian monsoon proxies

Elizabeth K. Thomas, Steven C. Clemens, Warren L. Prell, Timothy D. Herbert, Yongsong Huang, Zhengyu Liu, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, Youbin Sun, and Xinyu Wen

Geology, first published on October 17, 2014, doi:10.1130/G36289.1

15. Multi-speleothem record reveals tightly coupled climate between central Europe and Greenland during Marine Isotope Stage 3

Gina E. Moseley, Christoph Spötl, Anders Svensson, Hai Cheng, Susanne Brandstätter, and R. Lawrence Edwards

Geology, first published on October 15, 2014, doi:10.1130/G36063.1

16. Fossil evidence of iron-oxidizing chemolithotrophy linked to phosphogenesis in the wake of the Great Oxidation Event

Chris H. Crosby, Jake V. Bailey, and Mukund Sharma

Geology, first published on October 7, 2014, doi:10.1130/G35922.1

17. Enhanced carbon dioxide outgassing from the eastern equatorial Atlantic during the last glacial

G.L. Foster and P.F. Sexton

Geology, first published on October 7, 2014, doi:10.1130/G35806.1

18. Rainfall conditions, typhoon frequency, and contemporary landslide erosion in Japan

H. Saito, O. Korup, T. Uchida, S. Hayashi, and T. Oguchi

Geology, first published on October 7, 2014, doi:10.1130/G35680.1

浜名湖調査前半

こんにちは，ヤギです！

東大の水産実験所を拠点として浜名湖の調査を行って来ました．

水産実験所ではヤギを飼育することで雑草の生育を抑制してるらしいです．

今回は浜名湖調査の前半についてお伝えしようと思います．

このプロジェクトや富士五湖の調査に関しては以下のブログを参考にしてください．

http://lams-yokoyama.blogspot.jp/2014/10/blog-post_24.html

浜名湖調査の前半では音波探査と陸上掘削をメインに行いました．

機械を用いず，人力で掘削している様子．この日は約5.5 mまで掘削しました．

人力ではなく，機械を用いた掘削の様子．延べ2日で約10 mまで掘りました．

浜名湖でのコアリングのための滑車を船に取り付けるため作業中...
ホームセンターを回って材料は集めてきました．

 陸上で作成した音波探査用の船を湖上に浮かべます．富士五湖のような傾斜の緩い浜がなかったので，クレーンを使って降ろしました．

天気も大きく崩れることもなかったので良い調査でした！

富士五湖掘削

こんにちは！


M2の恒川です。

QuakeRecNankai(QRN)プロジェクトの一環で、10月前半の2週間、富士五湖の調査に参加してきました！
QuakeRecNankai(QRN)プロジェクトは「南海トラフ沿いに起きた過去の地震の復元」を目的にしています。
このプロジェクトは、日本の産業技術総合研究所・東京大学と、ベルギーのベルギー王立自然史博物館・ゲント大学・リエージュ大学によって進められています。


今年は富士五湖と浜名湖の、「音波探査」と「表層コアの掘削」を行います。
私は富士五湖の調査に参加しました。

初日に下見をした後、山中湖→本栖湖→西湖→河口湖の順番で、音波探査と表層コアの掘削を行いました。

長い表層コアが上がってくる瞬間は、歓声が上がりました！

本栖湖の下見

音波探査用のイカダを作っています！

イカダ完成！

イカダを湖に浮かべます

そして船で引っ張って音波探査をします！

掘削にいってきます！

表層コア

懇親会の様子

New paper introduction(ELSEVIER, 2014/10/13~2014/10/19)

新着論文紹介(2014. 10. 21) ELSEVIER

◉EPSL

Isostasy, dynamic topography, and the elevation of the Apennines of Italy

Claudio Faccenna, Thorsten W. Becker, Meghan S. Miller, Enrico Serpelloni, Sean D. Willett

DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.09.027

◉GCA

The Subduction Factory: Geochemical perspectives

Weidong Sun, Fang-Zhen Teng, Yao-Ling Niu, Yoshiyuki Tatsumi, Xiao-Yong Yang

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.06.029

Uranium isotope systematics of ferromanganese crusts in the Pacific Ocean: Implications for the marine ²³⁸U/²³⁵U isotope system

Kosuke T. Goto, Ariel D. Anbar, Gwyneth W. Gordon, Stephen J. Romaniello, Gen Shimoda, Yutaro Takaya, Ayaka Tokumaru, Tatsuo Nozaki, Katsuhiko Suzuki, Shiki Machida, Takeshi Hanyu, Akira Usui

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.10.003

Variability of carbonate diagenesis in equatorial Pacific sediments deduced from radiogenic and stable Sr isotopes

Janett Voigt, Ed C. Hathorne, Martin Frank, Hauke Vollstaedt, Anton Eisenhauer

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.10.001

Accounting for kinetic isotope effects in Soreq Cave (Israel) speleothems

Hagit P. Affek, Alan Matthews, Avner Ayalon, Miryam Bar-Matthews, Yuval Burstyn, Shikma Zaarur, Tami Zilberman

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.08.008

Behaviour of subducted water and its role in magma genesis in the NE Japan arc: A combined geophysical and geochemical approach

Jun-Ichi Kimura, Junichi Nakajima

DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2014.04.019

◉QI

Aeolian sediments evolution controlled by fluvial processes, climate change and human activities since LGM in the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

LuPeng Yu, ZhongPing Lai, Ping An, Tong Pan, QiuFang Chang

DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.043

Glacial chronology, environmental changes and implications for human occupation during the upper Pleistocene in the eastern Cantabrian Mountains

Enrique Serrano, Manuel Gómez-Lende, María José González-Amuchastegui, María González-García, Juan José González-Trueba, Ramón Pellitero, Ibai Rico

DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.039

¹⁴C data and the early colonization of Northwest South America: A critical assessment

Miguel Delgado, Francisco Javier Aceituno, Gustavo Barrientos

DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.011

Contributions to the knowledge of Quaternary formations in the southwest Romanian Plain

Petru Enciu, Dan Balteanu, Cristina Dumitrica

DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.048

Vegetation response to southern California drought during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and early Little Ice Age (AD 800–1600)

Linda E. Heusser, Ingrid L. Hendy, John A. Barron

DOI: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.032

◉QSR

Quaternary landscape development, alluvial fan chronology and erosion of the Mecca Hills at the southern end of the San Andreas Fault zone

Harrison J. Gray, Lewis A. Owen, Craig Dietsch, Richard A. Beck, Marc A. Caffee, Robert C. Finkel, Shannon A. Mahan

DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.009

特別講義＠屋代高校

こんにちは！
１０月１６日に、横山先生は長野県の屋代高校で特別講義をされました。
スーパーサイエンスハイスクールの認定を受けている学校で、毎年のように授業をされていますが、毎回熱心に授業を受けてくれているそうです。

20名以上が参加しています。

途中の１０分間休憩の時間には、研究室から持ち込んだ多くのサンプルを手に取りながら興味深く観察している高校生の姿が印象的だったそうです。写真からもその様子がうかがえますね。

熱心にサンプルを観察していますね！

講義の後は”科学者になりたい”という生徒さんが複数名、色々な質問をしてくれたそうです。将来がとても楽しみですね！

2014/10/21 New papers (agu,egu,gsa)

♣Global biogeochemical cycles♣

1. The impact of changing surface ocean conditions on the dissolution of aerosol iron

     Matthew P. Fishwick, Peter N. Sedwick, Maeve C. Lohan, Paul J. Worsfold, Kristen N. Buck, Thomas M. Church and Simon J. Ussher

DOI: 10.1002/2014GB004921

Keywords: iron; biogeochemistry; marine aerosols; climate change; ligands; colloids

                           ・ Aerosol source and composition have the greatest effect on iron dissolution

                           ・Ocean warming and acidification may not impact aerosol iron dissolution

                           ・Strong ligands draw most of the labile aerosol iron into the soluble fraction

♣Jouranl of geophysical research: Oceans♣

2. The Southwest Pacific Ocean Circulation and Climate Experiment (SPICE)

A. Ganachaud, S. Cravatte, A. Melet, A. Schiller, N. J. Holbrook, B. M. Sloyan, M. J. Widlansky, M. Bowen, J. Verron, P. Wiles, K. Ridgway, P. Sutton, J. Sprintall, C. Steinberg, G. Brassington, W. Cai, R. Davis, F. Gasparin, L. Gourdeau, T. Hasegawa, W. Kessler, C. Maes, K. Takahashi, K. J. Richards and U. Send

DOI: 10.1002/2013JC009678

Keywords: SPICE; southwest pacific; jets; SPCZ; spiciness

1. Southwest Pacific WBCs (Western Boundary Currents) transport large volumes towards the equator and the pole


2. Pathways are complex ; water properties tend to erode during the transit


3. Variations due to seasons, ENSO and the SPCZ modulate the relative WBC strengths

3. Impact of diurnal forcing on intraseasonal sea surface temperature oscillations in the Bay of Bengal

V. Thushara and P. N. Vinayachandran

DOI: 10.1002/2013JC009746

Keywords: diurnal cycle; Bay of Bengal; Intraseasonal variations; salinity effects

4. Preliminary analysis of acceleration of sea level rise through the twentieth century using extended tide gauge data sets (August 2014)

Peter Hogarth FIET, MInstP, MIEEE, CEng, CPhys, MBA, BSc, (Hons)^*

DOI: 10.1002/2014JC009976

Keywords:　sea level; acceleration; tide gauge; data archaeology

5. The salinity signature of the cross-shelf exchanges in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean: Satellite observations

Raul A. Guerrero¹, Alberto R. Piola^2,*, Harold Fenco¹, Ricardo P. Matano³, Vincent Combes³, Yi Chao^4,7, Corinne James³, Elbio D. Palma⁵, Martin Saraceno⁶ andP. Ted Strub³

DOI: 10.1002/2014JC010113

Keywords: shelf-open ocean exchange; remote sensing salinity; South Atlantic; water masses

6. SMOS sea surface salinity signals of tropical instability waves

Xiaobin Yin^1,2,*, Jacqueline Boutin¹, Gilles Reverdin¹, Tong Lee³, Sabine Arnault¹ and Nicolas Martin¹

DOI: 10.1002/2014JC009960

Keywords: SMOS; SMOS; Sea Surface Salinity; Sea Surface Salinity; tropical instability waves; tropical instability waves

7. Summertime phytoplankton blooms and surface cooling in the western south equatorial Indian Ocean

Xiaomei Liao^1,2, Yan Du^1,*, Haigang Zhan¹, Ping Shi¹ andJia Wang³

DOI: 10.1002/2014JC010195

Keywords: Phytoplankton bloom; western equatorial Indian Ocean; upweling; entrainment; advection; OFES

8. Exceptional Agulhas leakage prolonged interglacial warmth during MIS 11c in Europe

Andreas Koutsodendris^1,*, Jörg Pross¹ andRainer Zahn²

DOI: 10.1002/2014PA002665

Keywords: Agulhas leakage; interhemispheric teleconnection; MIS 11c; Iberian margin; Central European climate

                             Persistent warmth across Europe beyond the MIS 11c climate optimum

                             Exceptionally strong Agulhas leakage at the end of MIS 11c

                             Agulhas leakage/AMOC interhemispheric teleconnection prolonged MIS 11c warmth

♣GRL♣

9. Distinct patterns of seasonal Greenland glacier velocity

Twila Moon, Ian Joughin, Ben Smith, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Willem Jan van de Berg, Brice Noël andMika Usher

DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061836

Keywords:

seasonal velocity; subglacial drainage; meltwater; terminus; Greenland; interferometric synthetic aperture radar

10. Role of the oceanic bridge in linking the 18.6-year modulation of tidal mixing and long-term SST change in the North Pacific

S. Osafune, S. Masuda and N. Sugiura

DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061737

Keywords: 18.6-year modulation; tidal mixing; bidecadal; North Pacific; sea surface temperature

11. Upscaling carbon dioxide emissions from lakes^†

David A. Seekell^1,2,*, Joel A. Carr², Cristian Gudasz³ andJan Karlsson¹

DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061824

12. Asymmetry of the Bjerknes Positive Feedback between the Two Types of El Niño

Fei Zheng^1,*, Xiang-Hui Fang^1,2, Jin-Yi Yu³ and Jiang Zhu¹

DOI: 10.1002/2014GL062125

Keywords: Bjerknes feedback; Asymmetry; CP El Niño; EP El Niño

13. A unique asymmetry in the pattern of recent sea level change^†

Philip R. Thompson^* andMark A. Merrifield

DOI: 10.1002/2014GL061263

Keywords: sea level;tide gauges;satellite altimetry

♣Climate of the past♣

14. Pliocene diatom and sponge spicule oxygen isotope ratios from the Bering Sea: isotopic offsets and future directions

A. M. Snelling, G. E. A. Swann, J. Pike, and M. J. Leng

Clim. Past, 10, 1837-1842, 2014

www.clim-past.net/10/1837/2014/

doi:10.5194/cp-10-1837-2014

♣GSA♣

♣Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems♣

♣Paleoceanography♣

特になし