新着論文紹介(2013.9.3) Nature, Science, PNAS
◉Nature
1.Hidden heat
28 August 2013
2.Australia's record rains lowered sea level
Nature 500,
504 (29 August 2013) doi:10.1038/500504a
3.Late Miocene threshold response of marine algae to
carbon dioxide limitation
Nature500,558–562,(29August2013)
doi:10.1038/nature12448
The authors use a
model of coccolith cellur carbon fluxes and show that at low CO2 the increased
demand for HCO3- at the site of photosynthesis results in
a deiminished allocation of HCO3-to calcification. They
infer a global decrease in carbon dioxide levels between 8 and 5 Myr ago is
synchronous with global cooling and progressive glaciations.
4.Rapid, climate-driven changes in outlet glaciers on
the Pacific coast of East Antarctic
Nature500,563–566,(29August2013)
doi:10.1038/nature12382
◉Science
5.Slower Warming Tied To Pacific Cooling
6.Paleofluvial
Mega-Canyon Beneath the Central Greenland Ice Sheet
Jonathan L.
Bamber, Martin J. Siegert, Jennifer A. Griggs, Shawn J. Marshall, and Giorgio
Spada
Science 30 August
2013: 997-999.
◉PNAS
7.Enhanced
basal lubrication and the contribution of the Greenland ice sheet to future
sea-level rise
Sarah R. Shannon,
Antony J. Payne, Ian D. Bartholomew, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Tamsin L.
Edwards, Xavier Fettweis, Olivier Gagliardini, Fabien Gillet-Chaulet, Heiko
Goelzer, Matthew J. Hoffman, Philippe Huybrechts, Douglas W. F. Mair, Peter W.
Nienow, Mauro Perego, Stephen F. Price, C. J. P. Paul Smeets, Andrew J. Sole,
Roderik S. W. van de Wal, and Thomas Zwinger
PNAS 2013 110 (35)
14156-14161 doi:10.1073/pnas.1212647110
The effect of
enhanced basal sliding on the flow and mass budget of the Greenland ice sheet
is assessed, using a newly developed parameterization of the relation between
meltwater runoff and ice flow.
8.State-dependent
climate sensitivity in past warm climates and its implications for future
climate projections
Rodrigo Caballero
and Matthew Huber
PNAS 2013 110 (35)
14162-14167;
doi:10.1073/pnas.1303365110
◉Geology
9.A potential
barrier to deep Antarctic circumpolar flow until the late Miocene?
I.W.D. Dalziel, L.A. Lawver, J.A. Pearce, P.F. Barker, A.R. Hastie, D.N.
Barfod, H-W. Schenke, and M.B. Davis
Geology, September
2013, v. 41, p. 947-950, first published on July 11, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34352.1
Multibeam surveys
and the first dredged samples of the central Scotia Sea floor indicate that a
no-submerged remnant volcanic arc may have formed a barrier to deep east ward
oceanic circulation until after the mid Miocene climatic optimum.
10.Carbon cycle
feedbacks during the Oligocene-Miocene transient glaciation
Elaine M. Mawbey and
Caroline H. Lear
Geology, September
2013, v. 41, p. 963-966, first published on July 3, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34422.1
They present new benthic foraminiferal Mg/Ca, Li/Ca, and U/Ca records
across the Oligocene- Miocene boundary from Ocean Drilling Program Sites 926
and 929. Their records demonstrate that Atlantic bottom-water temperatures
varied cyclically, with the main cooling and warming steps followed by ice growth
and decay respectively. They suggest that enhanced organic carbon burial acted
as a positive feedback as climate cooled.
11.Holocene
sea-level change derived from microbial mats
Daniel Livsey and Alexander R. Simms
Geology, September
2013, v. 41, p. 971-974, first published on July 11, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34387.1
12.Variation of
East Asian monsoon precipitation during the past 21 k.y. and potential CO2
forcing
Huayu Lu, Shuangwen Yi, Zhengyu Liu, Joseph A. Mason, Dabang Jiang, Jun
Cheng, Thomas Stevens, Zhiwei Xu, Enlou Zhang, Liya Jin, Zhaohui Zhang,
Zhengtang Guo, Yi Wang, and Bette Otto-Bliesner
Geology, September
2013, v. 41, p. 1023-1026, first published on July 11, 2013,
doi:10.1130/G34488.1
◉Nature
Geoscience
13.Palaeoclimate: East
Antarctica's Achilles' heel
pp680 - 681
Claus-Dieter
Hillenbrand
doi:10.1038/ngeo1897
The East Antarctic
ice sheet is believed to be Earth's most stable ice sheet. Changes in
geochemical composition of offshore sediments suggest that its margin
repeatedly retreated by at least 350–550 kilometres inland between 5.3 and 3.3
million years ago.
14.Impact of
Arctic meltdown on the microbial cycling of sulphur
pp691 - 700
M. Levasseur
doi:10.1038/ngeo1910
The Arctic is
warming faster than any other region in the world. The resultant large-scale
shift in sea ice cover could increase oceanic emissions of dimethylsulphide, a
climate-relevant trace gas generated by ice algae and phytoplankton.
15.Rising river
flows throughout the twenty-first century in two Himalayan glacierized
watersheds
pp742 - 745
W. W. Immerzeel,
F. Pellicciotti & M. F. P. Bierkens
doi:10.1038/ngeo1896
Greater Himalayan
glaciers are retreating and losing mass. A combination of the latest ensemble
of climate models combined with a glacio-hydrological model suggests that in
two contrasting watersheds in the Greater Himalaya, glaciers will recede but
net glacier melt runoff is on a rising limb until at least 2050.
16.Ice sheet
collapse following a prolonged period of stable sea level during the last
interglacial
pp796 - 800
Michael J.
O’Leary, Paul J. Hearty, William G. Thompson, Maureen E. Raymo, Jerry X.
Mitrovica & Jody M. Webster
doi:10.1038/ngeo1890
Sea level during
the last interglacial period reached a peak of between 5 and 9 m above the present-day level. A detailed
reconstruction of sea level and isostatic rebound from Western Australia
indicates a prolonged period of sea-level stability at 3–4 m above present, followed by an abrupt
sea-level rise of 5–6 m.
