11/28/2013

JOURNAL REVIEW November 18 – November 25 (Nature, PNAS, Geology, Science, Nature Communications)


NATURE

1. An Earth-sized planet with an Earth-like density
Francesco Pepe, Andrew Collier Cameron, David W. Latham, Emilio Molinari, Stéphane Udry, Aldo S. Bonomo, Lars A. Buchhave, David Charbonneau, Rosario Cosentino, Courtney D. Dressing, Xavier Dumusque, Pedro Figueira, Aldo F. M. Fiorenzano, Sara Gettel, Avet Harutyunyan, Raphaëlle D. Haywood, Keith Horne, Mercedes Lopez-Morales, Christophe Lovis, Luca Malavolta, Michel Mayor, Giusi Micela, Fatemeh Motalebi, Valerio Nascimbeni, David Phillips et al.
Nature 503, 377–380 (21 November 2013) doi:10.1038/nature12768
Received 25 September 2013 Accepted 14 October 2013 Published online 30 October 2013

Orbiting less than two stellar radii above the visible surface of a Sun-like star, the Earth-sized exoplanet Kepler-78b is a hellish world. But its existence bodes well for the discovery and characterization of habitable planets.

2. A rocky composition for an Earth-sized exoplanet
Andrew W. Howard, Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda, Geoffrey W. Marcy, John Asher Johnson, Joshua N. Winn, Howard Isaacson, Debra A. Fischer, Benjamin J. Fulton, Evan Sinukoff & Jonathan J. Fortney
Nature 503, 381–384 (21 November 2013) doi:10.1038/nature12767

Doppler spectroscopic measurements of the mass of the Earth-sized planet Kepler-78b reveal that its mean density is similar to Earth’s, suggesting a composition of rock and iron.

3. Global carbon dioxide emissions from inland waters
Peter A. Raymond, Jens Hartmann, Ronny Lauerwald, Sebastian Sobek, Cory McDonald, Mark Hoover, David Butman, Robert Striegl, Emilio Mayorga, Christoph Humborg, Pirkko Kortelainen, Hans Dürr, Michel Meybeck, Philippe Ciais & Peter Guth
Nature 503, 355–359 (21 November 2013) doi:10.1038/nature12760

An analysis of regional variations in global inland water surface area, dissolved CO2 and gas transfer velocity yields a global CO2 evasion rate of 2.1 × 1015 grams of carbon per year, which is higher than previous estimates owing to a larger contribution from streams and rivers.


PNAS

4. Gas injection may have triggered earthquakes in the Cogdell oil field, Texas
Wei Gan and Cliff Frohlich
PNAS 2013 110 (47) 18786-18791; published ahead of print November 4, 2013, doi:10.1073/pnas.1311316110

Between 1957 and 1982, water flooding was conducted to improve petroleum production in the Cogdell oil field north of Snyder, TX. A contemporary analysis concluded this induced earthquakes that occurred between 1975 and 1982. The National Earthquake Information Center detected no further activity between 1983 and 2005, but 18 earthquakes between 2006 and 2011.
However, since 2004 significant volumes of gases including supercritical CO2 have been injected into the Cogdell field. The timing of gas injection suggests it may have contributed to triggering the recent seismic activity.


GEOLOGY

5. Tectonic forcing of Early to Middle Jurassic seawater Sr/Ca
Clemens V. Ullmann, Stephen P. Hesselbo, and Christoph Korte
Geology, December 2013, v. 41, p. 1211-1214

These findings underline the strong control of global tectonic processes on the evolution of biomineralization and downplay the role of biomineral evolution in influencing strontium chemistry of seawater in the mid-Mesozoic.

6. What does a mean mean? The temporal evolution of detrital cosmogenic denudation rates in a transient landscape
Geology, December 2013, v. 41, p. 1215-1218, first published on October 30, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34746.1

We employ a numerical landscape evolution model to explore how 10Be-derived denudation rates vary over time and space during transient adjustment. We find that denudation rates increase in the downstream direction from 0.2 mm/yr in the upper catchment to 0.5 mm/yr at the outlet. This interpretation of our data has potentially far-reaching implications for quantifying the uplift history and response time of transient landscapes using cosmogenic nuclides

7. Altered regional sediment transport regime after a large typhoon, southern Taiwan
Geology, December 2013, v. 41, p. 1223-1226, first published on October 16, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34826.1

Analyses of river suspended sediment response to record-breaking regional rainfall in southern Taiwan during typhoon Morakot, 7–9 August 2009, reveal systematic changes in the regional sediment transport regime.

8. Late Cretaceous winter sea ice in Antarctica?
Vanessa C. Bowman, Jane E. Francis, James B. Riding
Geology, December 2013, v. 41, p. 1227-1230, first published on October 16, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34891.1

We present palynomorph records from Seymour Island, Antarctica, that may suggest Maastrichtian sea ice. These data and our interpretation support the presence of ephemeral ice sheets on Antarctica during the latest Cretaceous, highlighting the extreme sensitivity of this region to global climate change.

9. A re-evaluation of the Pleistocene behavior of the Scoresby Sund sector of the Greenland Ice Sheet
Jan Sverre Laberg, Matthias Forwick, Katrine Husum, and Tove Nielsen
Geology, December 2013, v. 41, p. 1231-1234, first published on October 16, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34784.1

Here we present seismic data showing that glacigenic debris-flow deposits dominate the younger than ca. 2.58 Ma succession of the Scoresby Sund trough mouth fan on the East Greenland continental margin, suggesting much more frequent expansions of the Greenland Ice Sheet to the shelf break than found previously.

10. Kimberlite (U-Th)/He dating links surface erosion with lithospheric heating, thinning, and metasomatism in the southern African Plateau
Jessica R. Stanley, Rebecca M. Flowers, and David R. Bell
Geology, December 2013, v. 41, p. 1243-1246, first published on October 16, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34797.1

Here we combine new apatite (U-Th)/He (AHe) data from four South Africa kimberlites ranging in emplacement age from ca. 143 Ma to ca. 74 Ma with a wealth of other geologic information from the pipes to resolve the timing, patterns, and causes of erosion across 200 km of the southern African Plateau.

11. Volcanic ash reveals time-transgressive abrupt climate change during the Younger Dryas
Christine S. Lane, Achim Brauer, Simon P.E. Blockley, and Peter Dulski
Geology, December 2013, v. 41, p. 1251-1254, first published on October 30, 2013, doi:10.1130/G34867.1

We show that the onset of climatic amelioration during the YD cold period was locally abrupt, but time-transgressive across Europe. Synchronization of two high-resolution continental records, using the Vedde Ash layer (12,140 ± 40 varve yr B.P.), allows us to trace the shifting of the polar front as a major control of regional climate amelioration during the YD in the North Atlantic realm.


SCIENCE

12.Constraints on the Late Holocene Anthropogenic Contribution to the Atmospheric Methane Budget
Logan Mitchell, Ed Brook, James E. Lee, Christo Buizert, Todd Sowers
doi: 10.1126/science.1238920

Two ice core methane concentration records from Greenland and Antarctica were used to construct a high-resolution record of the methane inter-polar difference (IPD). This constrains the latitudinal distribution of emissions and shows late preindustrial Holocene (LPIH) emissions increased primarily in the tropics with secondary increases in the subtropical Northern Hemisphere. Differences in anthropogenic and natural latitudinal characteristics were exploited to demonstrate both sources were required to explain LPIH changes in methane concentration.

13. Drilling Plans Endanger Yasuni’s Biodiversity
Juan Jose Alava, Nastenka Calle
doi: 10.1126/science.342.6161.931-a

Ecuador’s Yasuni National Park has always faced threats of oil exploitation despite being one of the most megadiverse forests and a sanctuary for ancestral indigenous people. In 2007, President Rafael Correa accepted monetary compensation from the international community towards Ecuador’s economy in return for preventing oil exploitation; however, he has now abandoned the moratorium and justifies it by citing inadequate donations to protect the park.


NATURE COMMUNICATIONS

14. Pink marine sediments reveal rapid ice melt and Arctic meltwater discharge during Dansgaard–Oeschger warmings
Tine L. Rasmussen, Erik Thomsen
doi: 10.1038/ncomms3849

During warmings, pink clay from Devonian Red Beds is transported in suspension by meltwater from the surrounding ice sheet and replaces the greenish silt normally deposited on the northwestern slope of Svalbard during interstadials. Decreasing concentrations of ice-rafted debris during the interstadials signify that the ice sheet retreats as meltwater production increases.

15. Discovery of the action of a geophysical synchrotron in the Earth’s Van Allen radiation belts
Ian R. Mann, E. A. Lee, S. G. Claudepierre, J. F. Fennell, A. Degeling, I. J. Rae, D. N. Baker, G. D. Reeves, H. E. Spence, L. G. Ozeke, R. Rankin, D. K. Milling, A. Kale, R. H. W. Friedel, F. Honary
doi: 10.1038/ncomms3795

Evidence from the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) probe and recently launched multi-satellite NASA Van Allen Probes mission, with supporting modelling, shows coherent ultra-low frequency interactions in the Van Allen belts. The observed modulations and energy-dependent spatial structure indicate a mode of action analogous to a geophysical synchrotron.


11/27/2013

新着論文紹介 This Week’s New Paper (2013/11/26) Elsevier

Chemical Geology
1.    Phosphorus burial and diagenesis in the central Bering Sea (Bowers Ridge, IODP Site U1341): Perspectives on the marine P cycle
C. März , S.W. Poulton , T. Wagner , B. Schnetger , H.-J. Brumsack
doi: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.11.004
Keywords
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program; Bering Sea; phosphorus; sequential extraction; biogenic opal; carbonate fluorapatite


Earth and Planetary Science Letters
2.  A new constraint on the size of Heinrich Events from an iceberg/sediment model
William H.G. Roberts , Paul J. Valdes , Antony J. Payne
doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.020
Keywords
Heinrich events; Heinrich layers; iceberg modelling

3.  Incorporation of trace metals into microcodium as novel proxies for paleo-precipitation
Tao Li , Gaojun Li
doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.011
Keywords
authigenic carbonate; paleo-hydrology; Rayleigh fractionation; Asian monsoon


Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
4.    Quartz and K-feldspar optical dating chronology of eolian sand and lacustrine sequence from the southern Ulan Buh Desert, NW China: Implications for reconstructing late Pleistocene environmental evolution
Guoqiang Li , Ming Jin , Lijuan Wen , Hui Zhao , David Madsen , Xiaokang Liu , Duo Wu , Fahu Chen
doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.11.003
Keywords
Ulan Buh Desert; China; Pleistocene; Arid landscape evolution; Optical Stimulated Luminescence dating

5.    Reconstructing late Holocene vegetation and fire histories in monsoonal region of southeastern China
Kangyou Huang , Zhuo Zheng , Wenbo Liao , Linglong Cao , Yanwei Zheng , Hua Zhang , Guangqi Zhu , Zhong Zhang , Rachid Cheddadi
doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.11.005
Keywords
Late Holocene; Pollen analysis; Charcoal; East Asian Summer Monsoon; Subtropical China

6.    Paleomagnetic and astronomical dating of sediment core BH08 from the Bohai Sea, China: Implications for glacial-interglacial sedimentation
Zhengquan Yao , Xuefa Shi , Qingsong Liu , Yanguang Liu , Juan Cruz Larrasoaña , Jianxing Liu , Shulan Ge , Kunshan Wang , Shuqing Qiao , Xiaoyan Li , Fengdeng Shi , Xisheng Fang , Yonggui Yu , Gang Yang , Zongqi Duan
doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.11.012
Keywords
Bohai Sea; magnetostratigraphy; astronomical tuning; sea level; glacial-interglacial


Quaternary Geochronology
7.  Luminescence dating and associated analyses in transition landscapes of the Alto Ribatejo, Central Portugal
C.I. Burbidge , M.J. Trindade , M.I. Dias , L. Oosterbeek , C. Scarre , P. Rosina , A. Cruz , S. Cura , P. Cura , L. Caron , M.I. Prudêncio , G.J.O. Cardoso , D. Franco , R. Marques , H. Gomes
doi: 10.1016/j.quageo.2013.11.002
Keywords
OSL; INAA; Gamma-Spectrometry; XRD; agro-pastoralism; megalithic; landscape-activation; Holocene


Quaternary International
8.  Response of vegetation in central Japan to precession during the last 147,000 years: A lignin record from Lake Biwa core BIW08-B
Fukashi Ohira , Masanobu Yamamoto , Keiji Takemura , Akira Hayashida
doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2013.10.059


9.  Review of palaeoclimate records from Northeast India based on pollen proxy data of Late PleistoceneHolocene
Nivedita Mehrotra , Santosh K. Shah , Amalava Bhattacharyya
doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2013.10.061


Quaternary Research
10. 10Be exposure dating of river terraces at the southern mountain front of the Dzungarian Alatau (SE Kazakhstan) reveals rate of thrust faulting over the past ~ 400 ka
Anja Cording , Ralf Hetzel , Martin Kober , Jonas Kley
doi: 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.10.016
Keywords
Active deformation; Thrust faulting; 10Be exposure dating; River terraces; Dzungarian Alatau; Tien Shan

11. Subglacially precipitated carbonates record geochemical interactions and pollen preservation at the base of the Laurentide Ice Sheet on central Baffin Island, eastern Canadian Arctic
Kurt A. Refsnider , Gifford H. Miller , Marilyn L. Fogel , Bianca Fréchette , Roxane Bowden , John T. Andrews , G. Lang Farmer
doi: 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.10.014
Keywords
Laurentide Ice Sheet; Stable isotopes; Palynology; Carbonate geochemistry; Baffin Island


Quaternary Science Reviews
12. Was there a 4.2 ka event in Great Britain and Ireland? Evidence from the peatland record
T.P. Roland , C.J. Caseldine , D.J. Charman , C.S.M. Turney , M.J. Amesbury
doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.10.024
Keywords
4.2 ka event; 2.8 ka event; Multi-proxy; Peatlands; Great Britain and Ireland; Testate amoebae; Hekla 4; Abrupt and extreme climate change

13. A 2 million year glacial chronology of the Hatherton Glacier, Antarctica and implications for the size of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet at the Last Glacial Maximum
Kurt Joy , David Fink , Bryan Storey , Cliff Atkins
doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.10.028
Keywords
Hatherton Glacier; Antarctica; East Antarctic Ice Sheet; Cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al exposure dating; Reduced Last Glacial Maximum ice sheet volume

14. Expert assessment of sea-level rise by AD 2100 and AD 2300
Benjamin P. Horton , Stefan Rahmstorf , Simon E. Engelhart , Andrew C. Kemp
doi: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.11.002
Keywords
Expert elicitation; Survey; IPCC



11/26/2013

This Week’s New Papers (2013/11/26) AGU, EGU, GSA

[AGU]
Geophysical Research Letters
2013/11/18-2013/11/24
1. Tradeoffs between global warming and day length on the start of the carbon uptake period in seasonally cold ecosystems
Author(s): Georg Wohlfahrt, Edoardo Cremonese, Albin Hammerle, Lukas Hörtnagl, Marta Galvagno, Damiano Gianelle, Barbara Marcolla, Umberto Morra di Cella
DOI: 10.1002/2013GL058182
Keywords: net ecosystem exchange; carbon gain;photosynthesis; respiration; snow melt; grassland

2. Improved seasonal forecast using ozone hole variability?
Author(s): Seok-Woo Son, Ariaan Purich, Harry H. Hendon, Baek-Min Kim, Lorenzo M. Polvani
DOI: 10.1002/2013GL057731
Keywords: ozone hole; seasonal forecast

3. Satellite-based estimates of Antarctic surface meltwater fluxes
Luke D. Trusel, Karen E. Frey, Sarah B. Das, Peter Kuipers Munneke, Michiel R. van den Broeke
DOI: 10.1002/2013GL058138
Keywords: Antarctica; surface melt; ice shelves; remote sensing

4. Horizontal Motion in Elastic Response to Seasonal Loading of Rain Water in the Amazon Basin and Monsoon Water in Southeast Asia Observed by GPS and Inferred from GRACE
Yuning Fu, Donald F. Argus, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Michael B. Heflin
DOI: 10.1002/2013GL058093
Keywords: Horizontal Seasonal Deformation; GPS; GRACE; Amazon Basin; Southeast Asia

5. Decadal warming of coastal China Seas and coupling with winter monsoon and currents
L.-Y. Oey, M.-C. Chang, Y.-L. Chang, Y.-C. Lin, F.-H. Xu
DOI: 10.1002/2013GL058202
Keywords: Coastal warming; air-sea coupling; east asian winter monsoon; Taiwan Strait currents

6. Temporal and spatial evolution of the Antarctic sea ice prior to the September 2012 record maximum extent
John Turner, J. Scott Hosking, Tony Phillips, Gareth J. Marshall
DOI: 10.1002/2013GL058371
Keywords: Sea ice

Journal of Geophysical Resarch C. Oceans
2013/11/18-2013/11/24
7. A model for quantifying oceanic transport and mesoscale variability in the Coral Triangle of the Indonesian/Philippines Archipelago
Frederic S. Castruccio, Enrique N. Curchitser, Joan A. Kleypas
DOI: 10.1002/2013JC009196
Keywords: ocean modeling; mesoscale variability; Indonesian throughflow; tides; Lyapunov exponents; coral triangle

8. Observational and model studies of the circulation in the Gulf of Tonkin, South China Sea
Yang Ding, Changsheng Chen, Robert C. Beardsley, Xianwen Bao, Maochong Shi, Yu Zhang, Zhigang Lai, Ruixiang Li, Huichan Lin, Nguyen Trung Viet
DOI: 10.1002/2013JC009455
Keywords: Current measurements; Circulation; Numerical modeling

9. The effect of basal channels on oceanic ice-shelf melting
Thomas Millgate, Paul R. Holland, Adrian Jenkins, Helen L. Johnson
DOI: 10.1002/2013JC009402
Keywords: Ice-Ocean Interactions; Basal Channels; Petermann Glacier; Greenland

10. Distribution and composition of suspended biogenic particles in surface waters across Subarctic and Arctic Seas
Shea N. Wyatt, David W. Crawford, Ian A. Wrohan, Diana E. Varela
DOI: 10.1002/2013JC009214
Keywords: biogenic silica; particulate carbon; particulate nitrogen; particle ratios; phytoplankton; Arctic

Paleoceanography
2013/11/18-2013/11/24
11. Responses of ocean circulation and carbon cycle to changes in the position of the Southern hemisphere westerlies at Last Glacial Maximum
Author(s): Christoph Völker, Peter Köhler
DOI: 10.1002/2013PA002556
Keywords: carbon cycle; Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds; modeling; CO2; ice core data; glacial/interglacial

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Global Biogeochemical Cycles
2013/11/18-2013/11/24
特になし

[EGU]
Climate of the Past
2013/11/18-2013/11/24
12. Trace elements and cathodoluminescence of detrital quartz in Arctic marine sediments – a new ice-rafted debris provenance proxy
Author(s): A. Müller and J. Knies
Climate of the Past, 9, 2615-2630, 2013
DOI:10.5194/cp-9-2615-2013

[GSA]
GSA Bull.
2013/11/18-2013/11/24

特になし