停電対応と石英管洗浄

こんにちは、D2平林です。

10/3(土)に柏キャンパスが一斉停電したため、

その対応を10/2(金)に行いました。

放射性炭素測定用のグラファイト精製ラインの真空ポンプや圧力計、

加速器質量分析計などの測定機器も全て電源を落としました。

真空ポンプなどの音が一斉に止まった実験室内は、

水を打ったように静かでした。。。

加速器質量分析計の制御PCの電源を落としている阿瀬さんとそれを見守る沢田さんと平林

真空ポンプの電源を落としているところ

加速器の真空ポンプも落とします

10/5(月)の朝の停電復旧をし、グラファイト精製ラインや加速器質量分析計など
全て無事に再稼働しました。

また、10/5(月)はグラファイト精製時に使用する石英管の洗浄も行いました。

石英管は塩酸にしばらく漬けておきます

一晩以上経ったら塩酸から取り出し、洗浄・乾燥させてから、
14C測定の前処理の際に使用します

以上、最近の実験室の様子をお伝えしました！

2015/09/29 New Papers (Elsevier)

♣Quaternary Science Reviews♣

1. Southern Westerly Winds submit to the ENSO regime: A multiproxy paleohydrology record from Lake Dobson, Tasmania

                                Andrew B.H. Rees, Les C. Cwynar, Michael-Shawn Fletcher

Highlights

•We present a multiproxy paleohydroclimate record from Lake Dobson, Tasmania.

•The proxies include macro-charcoal, grain size, Itrax estimates, and chironomids.

•The early Holocene was wet, resembling the positive phase of the SAM in the summer.

•The mid-Holocene was ambiguous, with proxies supporting either wet or dry conditions.

•Increased charcoal supports the onset of an ENSO-dominated climate after 5 cal ka BP.

♣Earth and Planetary Science Letters♣

♣Paleogeography, Paleoclimatology, Paleoecology♣

♣Quaternary International♣

♣Quaternary Geochronology♣

♣Chemical Geology♣  ♣Quaternary Research♣

♣Global and Planetary Change♣

特になし

☆  Coral Reefs☆

2. An improved estimation of the poleward expansion of coral habitats based on the inter-annual variation of sea surface temperatures

S. Takao , H. Yamano, K. Sugihara, N. H. Kumagai, M. Fujii, Y. Yamanaka

Keywords

Poleward expansion, Coral reefs, Future projection, Global warming, Inter-annual variation, Sea surface temperature

☆  Radiocarbon☆

3. Marine Reservoir Corrections on the Southeastern Coast of Brazil: Paired Samples from the Saquarema Shellmound

Eduardo Alves, Kita Macario, Rosa Souza, Orangel Aguilera, Ana Carolina Goulart, Rita Scheel-Ybert, Caroline Bachelet, Carla Carvalho, Fabiana Oliveira, Katerina Douka

Keywords

marine reservoir effect; paired samples; shellmound; Brazilian Coast

4. Temporal Variations of Radiocarbon Reservoir Ages in the South Pacific Ocean during the Holocene

G S Burr, C Vance Haynes, Chuan-Chou Shen, Fred Taylor, Yu-Wei Chang, J W Beck, Vicki Nguyen, Weijian Zhou

Keywords

radiocarbon reservoir age, Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, 230Th dating, 14C dating, coral

5. Aquatic Resources in Foodcrusts: Identification and Implication

Carl Heron, Oliver E Craig

Keywords

Foodcrusts; lipids; carbon and nitrogen isotopes; aquatic resources; reservoir effects

6. New Data on Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Effect in the Eastern Adriatic Based on Pre-Bomb Marine Organisms from the Intertidal Zone and Shallow Sea

Sanja Faivre, Tatjana Bakran-Petricioli, Jadranka Barešić, Nada Horvatinčić

    Keywords

 Adriatic Sea; reservoir offsets; MRE; coralline algae; mollusk shells; mytilid bivalves

New Pepers 2015/09/07–2015/09/13 (Nature, Science, etc...)

New Pepers 2015/09/07–2015/09/13 (Nature, Science, etc...)

Nature, Nature Communication, Nature Geoscience

no relevant

Nature Climate Change

1. Towards predictive understanding of regional climate change

Shang-Ping Xie, Clara Deser, Gabriel A. Vecchi, Matthew Collins, Thomas L. Delworth, Alex Hall, Ed Hawkins, Nathaniel C. Johnson, Christophe Cassou, Alessandra Giannini &Masahiro Watanabe

2. Causes of change in Northern Hemisphere winter meridional winds and regional hydroclimate

Isla R. Simpson, Richard Seager, Mingfang Ting & Tiffany A. Shaw

PNAS, Geology,

no relevant

Science

3. The reinvigoration of the Southern Ocean carbon sink

Peter Landschützer, Nicolas Gruber, F. Alexander Haumann, Christian Rödenbeck, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Steven van Heuven, Mario Hoppema, Nicolas Metzl, Colm Sweeney, Taro Takahashi, Bronte Tilbrook, Rik Wanninkhof

AGU Chapman Conferenceと香港大

６月になりますが、横山先生は香港でAGUのチャップマンカンファレンスに参加されました。

招待講演で、完新世の気候と人類学ー考古学について講演されました。多くの気候研究者など幅広い人たちの参加でとても充実していたカンファレンスだったそうです。

会議の前に、香港大のAssistant Professorとして丁度６月に赴任し、ドイツから異動したばかりの以前、横山研のポスドクだったクリステールとベノアの家族、それにYasuhara さんとも食事をして楽しいひとときを過ごされたようです。写真も楽しそうですね。

赤ちゃんまでカメラ目線。笑
赤ちゃんが賢いのかカメラマンが優秀なのか。

講演中の横山先生。

Australia Excursion: Days 6-8 (2 - 4/3/2015)

Yue Chin again - this time with my third and final post about the Australia trip. Apologies for this being so long overdue!

In the morning of the 2nd we headed off to the University of Wollongong after bidding the remote beauty of Kioloa a reluctant goodbye. On the way, a quick restroom stop turned into a doughnut pilgrimage. The town of Berry is home to the Donut Van (or more specifically, The Famous Berry Donut Van). Thanks to Prof. Yokoyama for generously treating us all to doughnuts! These were piping hot, brushed with icing sugar and cinnamon. Seriously one of the best doughnuts I've eaten, and I've had quite a few.

After getting to the University of Wollongong at around lunchtime, we were given a brief introduction to the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences by Dr. Zenobia Jacobs, the head of the department. We then had a look into the various laboratories where the main geochemical work is done. Dr. Florian Dux took us around the clumped isotope lab. Clumped isotope work is based on the principle of differentiating isotopologues (molecules which have the same chemical composition but not isotopic composition), and requires extreme caution in order not to contaminate the end results.

Florian explains that the room temperature must be kept constant

Dr. Allen Chivas then took us around the other geochemical laboratories, giving us an overview of the mass spectrometers peppered around the facilities and the samples that go into these powerful machines. The suite of labs has massive analytical capabilities that allow scientists to answer palaeoenvironmental as well as archaeological questions.

Dr. Chivas explaining about the mass spectrometer

The University of Wollongong is home to one of the world's leading Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating laboratories and has produced many answers to significant archaeological questions, and we were privileged enough to be able to step inside. You enter through a revolving door, and once in the lab your eyes take a few seconds to adjust to the darkness and seeing everything in shades of red. Similar to a darkroom, the entire lab has to be kept free of all light except red wavelengths in order not to disturb the measurements. No pictures unfortunately, it was a bit too challenging to take any.

The group trooped down to the ground floor and had a look at the extensive field equipment owned by the department. With mountains and the sea almost at their doorstep, the field is just minutes' away.

Prof. Yokoyama with a Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) device

A walk through the school grounds with Dr. Chivas concluded the tour and we said our goodbyes before heading off to Sydney.

Thanks to the staff and students of the University of Wollongong!

Before we knew it we had arrived. Dinnertime was free and easy so the Yokoyama lab members headed off to explore, walking through the streets of a city all abuzz. I'd been in Sydney before but somehow the place had taken on a much more vibrant and high-paced persona and it was interesting to retrace old footsteps and see places both familiar and foreign. As the sun set over pizza and drinks in Darling Harbour, Prof. Yokoyama told us about his days as a Ph.D. student in Australia.

Sydney sightseeing

Dinner at Darling Harbour

Bright and early the next morning we stepped onto the grounds of the University of Sydney, heading straight for the Madsen Building which houses the School of Geosciences. Prof. Jody Webster gave us an overview of the work his Geocoastal Research group does, following which each member of his group gave us a more in-depth look at their research.

Introduction of earth science research at USyd by Prof. Webster

After a tour of the campus by Prof. Webster's students, we had lunch at one of the school cafés before heading to the Madsen basement, where Mr. Tom Savage gave us a tour of the geoscience facilities. In the Sedimentary Lab, we began a practical on how to log fossil reef cores. The ones we looked at were collected from all over the Indo-Pacific. At the start it was really tough to pick out the characteristics and link them to their formational history but with some help from the student demonstrators we gradually developed a bit of an eye for it. After having been at it for a few hours we trooped over to Herman's, where the two groups from UTokyo and USyd had enlightening conversations about coral research over drinks.

Looking at coral cores

Going through the samples

Drinks just minutes away

The next day we left with all our packed bags to Sydney Kingsford Smith Airport, where our journey began. We had come full circle. The trip had lasted for just over a week, yet we had learnt such a immense amount. Many of us had never been overseas before, and it was a great eye-opening opportunity to explore universities, landscapes and cultures different to our own.

Debriefing by Prof. Yokoyama

Final photo before flying home to Japan

For us students, this Australia trip left an indelible mark on our memories. We were invited to peer into the geochemical laboratories at the very cutting edge of science, and were privileged enough to learn from scientists who have made significant findings and are continuing with their good work. On top on all this, we got a chance to incorporate field geology into the mix, giving us a holistic perspective of the real science being done. Every edition of the trip promises something different, fresh and undiscovered - like in science. Thanks so much to Prof. Yokoyama, without whom this trip and the ones preceding it wouldn't have been possible.