昼間のフリスビー２

今日も桜広場で運動しました。前より、中村君はうまくなりました。意外と川久保君が上手でした。

惜しい！

おすすめ論文紹介 2012/5/29

宇宙線照射生成核種を用いた地球表層環境復元について

150本。年間にでる宇宙線照射生成核種に関連した論文の数です。現在、宇宙線照射生成核種は、地球表層プロセスに関する研究の常套手段となりつつあります。自分の研究に関連して、宇宙線照射生成核種を用いた研究例にふれる機会も多いでしょう。宇宙線照射生成核種は地形学や古気候学などと応用範囲が広いためユニークな研究が展開されている一方、データ解釈の計算過程は複雑で、難解な論文が多くあるのも現状です。ここぞという場所でのサンプリング、適切なモデリングをふまないと、データから有益な情報をひきだすことはできません。宇宙線照射生成核種を用いた論文を読んだ時に、どこまでが確実で、どこからが仮定を含み、結果はどの程度信頼できるのかという判断をしたくなった時に役立つ論文を挙げました。宇宙線照射生成核種の原理について簡単に勉強したい時にも役立ちます。

まずは教科書

1. Cosmogenic Nuclides - Principles, Concepts and Applications in the Earth Surface Sciences

TIBOR J. DUNAI, Cambridge University Press, 2010

よく引用されるレビュー論文

2. Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides: theory and application

John C. Gosse and Fred M. Phillips, QSR, 2001

doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00171-2

侵食速度の制御要因：これまでに出た侵食速度に関するすべての論文について、データの信頼性を検討し、選定した上でコンパイルした（なんとn=1599）。

3. Understanding Earth’s eroding surface with 10Be

Eric W. Portenga, Paul R. Bierman, GSA Today, 2011

深度プロファイルを用いると、年代と侵食速度の両方を同時に求めることができることを示した。

4. Localerosionratesversus active tectonics: cosmic ray exposure modelling in Provence (south-east France)

Siame et al., EPSL, 2004

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(04)00061-5

まずは日本語でという時に

5. 宇宙線照射生成核種を用いた地球表層プロセスの研究

横山ほか、地質学雑誌、2005

6. 宇宙線生成核種10Beおよび26Alのプロセス地形学的応用

松四ほか、地形、2007

7. 原位置宇宙線生成核種年代測定法 : 侵食地形変化速度の解明への適用

若狭ほか、地形、2004

ここからは応用例

乾燥地域、露岩

8. Cosmogenic exposure and erosion history of Australian bedrock landforms

Bierman, P. R., and Caffee, M. (2002). Geological Society of America Bulletin 114, 787-803.

河川堆積物

9. Erosion rates in an active orogen (NE-Taiwan): A confrontation of cosmogenic measurements with river suspended loads.

Siame, L. L., Angelier, J., Chen, R. F., Godard, V., Derrieux, F., Bourles, D. L., Braucher, R., Chang, K. J., Chu, H. T., and Lee, J. C. (2011). Quaternary Geochronology 6, 246-260.

モレーン　露出年代

10. High-Frequency Holocene Glacier Fluctuations in New Zealand Differ from the Northern Signature

Schaefer et al., 2009 Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.1169312

埋没、バナナプロット、26Al, 10Beのペア

11. Recycling of Amazon floodplain sediment quantified by cosmogenic 26Al and 10Be

Witmann et al., 2011 geology, doi: 10.1130/ G31829.1

12. Paired 26Al and 10Be exposureages from Lundy: new evidence for the extent and timing of Devensian glaciation in the southern British Isles

Rolfe et al., 2012, QSR, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.04.003

新着論文紹介 2012/5/15 (ELSEVIER)

☆Elsevier★

○Chemical Geology

Volumes 310–311, Pages 1-148 (5 June 2012)

Experimental quantification of the effect of Mg on calcite–aqueous fluid oxygen isotope fractionation

Vasileios Mavromatis, Mark Schmidt, Reiner Botz, Laia Comas-Bru, Eric H. Oelkers

Mg-カルサイトの沈殿実験。酸素同位体は温度だけでなく、Mgの濃度にも依存していることが分かった。

10³ ln α_{Mgcalcite–H2O}= 18030/T−32.42+(6*10⁸/T³–5.47*10⁶/T²+16780/T-17.21)*C_Mg

化石のd18Oから温度を復元する際に注意する必要がある。

Oxygen and carbon isotope fractionation of marine ostracod calcite from the eastern Mediterranean Sea

André Bornemann, Claudius M. Pirkenseer, Patrick De Deckker, Robert P. Speijer

貝形虫はカンブリア紀の地層からも産出するため、地質学における重要なアーカイブの１つである。エーゲ海から採取した貝形虫（ostracod）の殻のd18Oとd13Cを調査したところ、サイズ依存性はないが、種間で差異が確認された。d13Cの変化は食餌の違いを反映？

○Marine Geology

Volumes 307–310, Pages 1-122 (15 April 2012)

High resolution climatic records of the past ~489 years from Central Asia as derived from benthic foraminiferal species, Asterorotalia trispinosa

Rajani Panchang, Rajiv Nigam

アンダマン海（ミャンマー南部）の堆積物から489年間の底性有孔虫の群集組成の変化と環境変動を復元。淡水に敏感な種に注目することで、湿潤-乾燥状態が分かる。ヨーロッパの小氷期に当たると思われるシグナルが捉えられた。

○Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Volumes 337–338, Pages 1-216 (15 June 2012)

High-precision U-series ages of transported coral blocks on Heron Reef (southern Great Barrier Reef) and storm activity during the past century

Kefu Yu, Jianxin Zhao, George Roff, Matthew Lybolt, Yuexing Feng, Tara Clark, Shu Li

津波石ならぬ嵐石？GBRにおいてリーフに打上ったのちに固着した110個のサンゴについてU/Thで年代測定。サンゴが集中する年代は大きな嵐があった時期とみなすことが出来る。100年間の嵐の履歴が分かるかも？

OSL chronology and palaeoclimatic implications of aeolian sediments in the eastern Qaidam Basin of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

LuPeng Yu, ZhongPing Lai

Late Glacial and Holocene development of Lake Donggi Cona, north-eastern Tibetan Plateau, inferred from sedimentological analysis

Stephan Opitz, Bernd Wünnemann, Bernhard Aichner, Elisabeth Dietze, Kai Hartmann, Ulrike Herzschuh, Janneke IJmker, Frank Lehmkuhl, Shijie Li, Steffen Mischke, Anna Plotzki, Georg Stauch, Bernhard Diekmann

Vegetation and environmental dynamics in the southern Black Sea region since 18 kyr BP derived from the marine core 22-GC3

Lyudmila S. Shumilovskikh, Pavel Tarasov, Helge W. Arz, Dominik Fleitmann, Fabienne Marret, Norbert Nowaczyk, Birgit Plessen, Frank Schlütz, Hermann Behling

○Quaternary International

Volume 263, Pages 1-172 (14 June 2012)

‘Late Quaternary morphodynamics in East Asia’ from EGU 2010

Palaeodunes intercalated in loess strata from the western Chinese Loess Plateau: Timing and palaeoclimatic implications

Hao Long, ZhongPing Lai, Markus Fuchs, JingRan Zhang, Linhai Yang

Lanzhou area of the western Chinese Loess Plateau, more arid during MIS3

Development of gully systems under the combined impact of monsoonal climatic shift and neo-tectonic uplift over the Chinese Loess Plateau

Chun Chang Huang, Jiangli Pang, Xiaochun Zha, Hongxia Su, Yali Zhou

The wet Little Ice Age recorded by sediments in Huguangyan Lake, tropical South China

Yan Zeng, Jingan Chen, Zhengjie Zhu, Jian Li, Jingfu Wang, Guojiang Wan

Kiloyear-scale climate events and evolution during the Last Interglacial, Mu Us Desert, China

Shuhuan Du, Baosheng Li, Muhong Chen, David Dian Zhang, Rong Xiang, Dongfeng Niu, Xiaohao Wen, Xianjiao Ou

The decreasing wind speed in southwestern China during 1969–2009, and possible causes

Yang Xiaomei, Li Zongxing, Feng Qi, He Yuanqing, An Wenlin, Zhang Wei, Cao Weihong, Yu Tengfei, Wang Yamin, Wilfred H. Theakstone

Distribution and formation of monohydrocalcite from surface sediments in Nam Co Lake, Tibet

Minghui Li, Junbo Wang, Liping Zhu, Liqiang Wang, Chaolu Yi

Late Quaternary vegetation, climate as well as lake-level changes and human occupation from Nitaya area in Hoshangabad District, southwestern Madhya Pradesh (India), based on pollen evidence

M.F. Quamar, M.S. Chauhan

Mangrove vegetation responses to Holocene climate change along Konkan coast of south-western India

Ruta B. Limaye, K.P.N. Kumaran

Climatic fluctuations during the LIA and post-LIA in the Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, India: Evidence from a 400 y old stalagmite record

Bahadur Singh Kotlia, Syed Masood Ahmad, Jian-Xin Zhao, Waseem Raza, Kenneth D. Collerson, Lalit Mohan Joshi, Jaishri Sanwal

○Quaternary Science Reviews

Volume 43, Pages 1-102 (8 June 2012)

The Middle Pleistocene archaeological record of Greece and the role of the Aegean in hominin dispersals: new data and interpretations

Vangelis Tourloukis, Panagiotis Karkanas

Early-Middle Pleistocene archaeological record of Greece

The Medieval Climate Anomaly in the Iberian Peninsula reconstructed from marine and lake records

Ana Moreno et al.

Integration of selected multi-proxy and well-dated paleoclimate records from Iberia

A multidisciplinary approach to reconstructing the chronology and environment of southwestern European Neanderthals: the contribution of Teixoneres cave (Moià, Barcelona, Spain)

Juan Manuel López-García, Hugues-Alexandre Blain, Francesc Burjachs, Anna Ballesteros, Ethel Allué, Gloria Ericka Cuevas-Ruiz, Florent Rivals, Ruth Blasco, Juan Ignacio Morales, Antonio Rodríguez Hidalgo, Eudald Carbonell, David Serrat, Jordi Rosell

Neanderthals environment and climate

Characteristics of sedimentary varve chronologies – A review

A.E.K. Ojala, P. Francus, B. Zolitschka, M. Besonen, S.F. Lamoureux

108 published and well-documented varved sediment records were examined.

Paired ²⁶Al and ¹⁰Be exposure ages from Lundy: new evidence for the extent and timing of Devensian glaciation in the southern British Isles

C.J. Rolfe, P.D. Hughes, C.R. Fenton, C. Schnabel, S. Xu, A.G. Brown

paired isotopes (¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al) to date exposure of rock surfaces.

Holocene glacier fluctuations and climate changes in the southeastern part of the Russian Altai (South Siberia) based on a radiocarbon chronology

A.R. Agatova, A.N. Nazarov, R.K. Nepop, H. Rodnight

57 new radiocarbon dates

Provenance of loess deposits in the Eastern Qinling Mountains (central China) and their implications for the paleoenvironment

Hongyan Zhang, Huayu Lu, Shao-Yong Jiang, Jef Vandenberghe, Shejiang Wang, Richard Cosgrove

⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ɛNd demonstrate a local source for loess deposits in the EQLM.

○Earth and Planetary Science Letters

○Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

○Global and Planetary Change

○Quaternary Research

○Quaternary Geochronology

今回は発行なし

新着論文

Nature (Research Highlights )Volume 485 (05/17/2012)

(1) Planet like asteroid

*The giant asteroid Vesta, 260km in diameter with a hard inner core, may hold the key to reveal how to survive big collisions in the universe. 

Nature (News in focus )

(2) Message from the early Universe

*NASA’s spacecraft routinely spots high-energy radiation called GRB. This seems to be due to the collapse of a massive star’s core into a black hole. By analyzing GRB, we may be able to trace how the composition of the early universe evolved. 

Nature (Letter )

(3) Thermal and electrical conductivity of iron at Earth’s core conditions

Doi: 10.1038/nature11031

Monica Pozzo, Chris Davies, David Gubbins & Dario Alfe

*The condition of the earth’s core influences plate tectonics and volcano etc. Heat flux at the core mantle boundary is controlled by electrical and thermal conductivity of iron. From their calculation using density function theory, heat flux at the core mantle boundary is higher than previous studies. 

(4) Recent Northern Hemisphere tropical expansion primarily driven by black carbon and tropospheric ozone

Doi: 10.1038/nature11097

Robert J. Allen, Stevem C. Sherwood, Joel R. Norris & Charles S. Zender

*The width of the tropical belt is increasing 2 to 5 degrees latitude since 1979. Recent GCM showed this trend can be due to the direct heating of the troposphere by aerosols, mainly black carbon and ozone. This expansion rate seems to be the fastest in June-August.

(5) Earth-like sand fluxes on Mars

Doi: 10.1038/nature11022

N.T. Bridges, F. Ayoub, J-P. Avouac, S. Leprince, A. Lucas & S. Mattson

*Studying Mars’ surface meteorology, especially dune migration, may help us understand the landscape modification on Antarctica. Clear correlation between ripple migration and dune height was confirmed.

Science (Perspective ) Volume 336 (05/18/2012)

(6) Climate change and violent conflict

Doi: 10.1126/science.1221339

Jurgen Scheffran et al.

* They approached climate change from a different angle. The significant correlation between temperature and civil war in Africa from 1981 to 2002 was reported. This relation is not robust enough to be conclusive but should be more controllable than natural forces…

Science

(7) Aerobic Microbial Respiration in 86-Million year old deep sea red clay

Doi: 10.1126/science.1219424

Hans Roy et al.

*Ocean sediment cores are alive! This study reported the oxygen respiration rate was 0.001 micromoles of O₂/liter/year at 30 m depth within 86 million year old sediment. I thought Yamaguchi-san would like this paper!

PNAS Volume 109 (05/15/2012)

(8) Greater India Basin hypothesis and a two stage Cenozoic collision between India and Asia

Doi: 10.1073/pnas. 1117262109

Douwe J. J. et al

*The collision between India and Asia was a two-stage event: soft and hard collisions. The second collision around 23Ma seemed to happen because of the Great India Basin’s subduction.

(9) Irregular topography at Earth’s inner core boundary

Doi: 0.1073/pnas. 1116342109

Zhiyang Dai, Wei Wang, and Lianxing Wen

*Understanding the inner core boundary is essential for researching outer core convection. They reported that the topography of the boundary exhibits significant anomalies. The length variation can be from 2 to 6km. 

新着論文紹介 (AGU) 20120529

Geophysical Research Letters

1, Makinson, K., King, M., A., Nicholls, K., W., and Hilmar Gudmundsson, G., 2012. Diurnal and semidiurnal tide-induced lateral movement of Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39(10) L10501.
→GPS, Ronne Ice Shelf, ice flow

2, Hopfner, M., Milz, M., Buehler, S., Orphal, J., and Stiller, G., 2012. The natural greenhouse effect of atmospheric oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2). Geophys. Res. Lett. 39(10) L10706.
→greenhouse effect, oxygen, nitrogen, OLR

3, Moholdt, G., Wouters, B., and Gardner, A., S., 2012. Recent mass changes of glaciers in the Russian High Arctic. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39(10) L10502.
→Russian High Arctic, glacier mass budget, Satellite data (2003 – 2009)

4, Horii, T., Ueki, I., and Hanawa,

K., 2012. Breakdown of ENSO predictors in the 2000s: Decadal changes of recharge/discharge-SST phase relation and atmospheric intraseasonal forcing. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39(10) L10707.

→ENSO, warm water volume, intraseasonal variations, warm-pool El-Nino

5, Love, J., J., and Rigler, E.J., 2012. Sunspot random walk and 22-year variation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39(10) L10103.

→Sun spot, 22-year dynamo cycle, random walk

6, Konwar, M., Parekh, A., and Goswami, B.N., 2012. Dynamics of east-west asymmetry of Indian summer monsoon rainfall trends in recent decades. Geophys. Res. Lett. 39(10) L10708.
→Indian summer monsoon, rainfall in India, past three decaeds

Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems

7, Nehrke, G., Poigner, H., Wilhelms-Dick, D., Brey, T., and Abele, D., 2012. Coexistence of three calcium carbonate polymorphs in the shell of the Antarctic clam Laternula elliptica. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 13Q05014.

→Antarctic bivalve, Raman, , Electron microprobe, biomineralization, aragonite, calcite

Journal of Geophysical Research . Oceans

8, Alin, S., R., Feely, R., A., Dickson, A., G., Hernandez-Ayon, J.M., Juranek, L., W., Ohman, M., D., and Goericke, R., 2012. Robust empirical relationships for estimating the carbonate system in the southern California Current System and application to CalCOFI hydrographic cruise data (2005–2011). J. Geophys. Res. 117(C5) C05033.
→California Current, Carbonate system

9, Sprintall, J., Gordon, A., L., Flament, P., and Villanoy, C., L., 2012. Observations of exchange between the South China Sea and the Sulu Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 117(C5) C05036.
→South China Sea, Sulu Sea, water exchange

10, van, S., Erik, Johns, W., E., and Beal, L., M., 2012. Does the vorticity flux from Agulhas rings control the zonal pathway of NADW across the South Atlantic? J. Geophys. Res. 117(C5) C05037.
→Thermohaline circulation, NADW, OFES model, Pathway of NADW

11, Frolov, S., Ryan, J.P., and Chavez, F.P., 2012. Predicting euphotic-depth-integrated chlorophyll-a from discrete-depth and satellite-observable chlorophyll-a off central California. J. Geophys. Res. 117(C5) C05042.
→chlorophyll-a, primary production, Ship-Based profoles, Hign resolution florescence profiles

12, Liu, Y., Lee, S.-K., Muhling, B., A., Lamkin, J., T., and Enfield, D., B., 2012. Significant reduction of the Loop Current in the 21st century and its impact on the Gulf of Mexico. J. Geophys. Res. 117(C5) C05039.

→Global warming, gulf of Mexico, IPCC-AR4 A1B scenario, model

Paleoceanography

13, Kwon, E.Y., Hain, M., P., Sigman, D., M., Galbraith, E., D., Sarmiento, J., L., and Toggweiler, J.R., 2012. North Atlantic ventilation of “southern-sourced&” deep water in the glacial ocean. Paleoceanography 27(2) PA2208.
→atmospheric CO2, glacial, North Atlantic, Southern Ocean, Carbon isotopes

14, Koch, M., C., and Friedrich, O., 2012. Campanian-Maastrichtian intermediate- to deep-water changes in the high latitudes: Benthic foraminiferal evidence. Paleoceanography 27(2) PA2209.

→Campanian-Maastrichtian Boundary Event, δ18O excursion, Benthic foraminifera assemblage

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

15, Uitz, J., Stramski, D., Gentili, B., D'Ortenzio, F., and Claustre, H., 2012. Estimates of phytoplankton class-specific and total primary production in the Mediterranean Sea from satellite ocean color observations. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 26(2) GB2024.
→surface chlorophyll a,ocean color, phytoplankton class-specific bio-optical model, primary production

16, Wang, X., Ma, H., Li, R., Song, Z., and Wu, J., 2012. Seasonal fluxes and source variation of organic carbon transported by two major Chinese Rivers: The Yellow River and Changjiang (Yangtze) River. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 26(2) GB2025.
→Yellow River, Changjiang River, DOC, POC, Carbon isotopes

17, Ahn, J., Brook, E., J., Mitchell, L., Rosen, J., McConnell, J., R., Taylor, K., Etheridge, D., and Rubino, M., 2012. Atmospheric CO2 over the last 1000 years: A high-resolution record from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice core. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 26(2) GB2027.

→atmospheric CO2, last 1000 years, West Antarctic Ice Sheet,

Climate of the Past

18, I. Dorado Liñán, U. Büntgen, F. González-Rouco, E. Zorita, J. P. Montávez, J. J. Gómez-Navarro, M. Brunet, I. Heinrich, G. Helle, and E. Gutiérrez

Estimating 750 years of temperature variations and uncertainties in the Pyrenees by tree-ring reconstructions and climate simulations

→tree ring maximum density, Pyrenees, May to September mean temperature

19, D. Hofer, C. C. Raible, A. Dehnert, and J. Kuhlemann

The impact of different glacial boundary conditions on atmospheric dynamics and precipitation in the North Atlantic region

→North Atlantic, CCSM, LGM, MIS4

担当；川久保

新着論文紹介 This Week’s New Papers (2012/5/22) AGU, EGU, GSA

☆Geophysical Research Letters☆ 2012/5/14-20

Sensitivity of an Earth system climate model to idealized radiative forcing

Andrews, T., M. A. Ringer, M. Doutriaux-Boucher, M. J. Webb, and W. J. Collins

Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L10702, doi:10.1029/2012GL051942

World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0–2000 m), 1955–2010

Levitus, S., J. I. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, O. K. Baranova, H. E. Garcia, R. A. Locarnini, A. V. Mishonov, J. R. Reagan, D. Seidov, E. S. Yarosh, and M. M. Zweng

Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L10603, doi:10.1029/2012GL051106

Biological response to the 1997–98 and 2009–10 El Niño events in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

Gierach, M. M., T. Lee, D. Turk, and M. J. McPhaden

Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L10602, doi:10.1029/2012GL051103

☆Global Biogeochemical Cycles☆ 2012/5/14-20

Radiocarbon in the Northern Indian Ocean two decades after GEOSECS

Dutta, K., and R. Bhushan

Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 26, GB2018, doi:10.1029/2010GB004027

The observed evolution of oceanic pCO2 and its drivers over the last two decades

Lenton, A., N. Metzl, T. Takahashi, M. Kuchinke, R. J. Matear, T. Roy, S. C. Sutherland, C. Sweeney, and B. Tilbrook

Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 26, GB2021, doi:10.1029/2011GB004095

☆Journal of Geophysical Research – Space Physics☆ 2012/5/14-20

Trend and abrupt changes in long-term geomagnetic indices

Lu, H., Y. Li, M. A. Clilverd, and M. J. Jarvis

J. Geophys. Res., 117, A05318, doi:10.1029/2011JA017422

☆Biogeoscience☆　2012/5/14-20

A hypothesis linking sub-optimal seawater pCO2 conditions for cnidarian-Symbiodinium symbioses with the exceedence of the interglacial threshold (>260 ppmv)

S. A. Wooldridge

Biogeosciences, 9, 1709-1723, 2012

☆Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems (G3)☆

☆Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmosphere☆

☆Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans☆

☆Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences☆

☆Paleoceanography☆

☆Climate of the Past☆

特になし

☆Geological Society of America Bulletin☆

新着なし

担当：山口保彦（D3）

新着論文(Nature, Science...etc)

Nature Volume 485 Number 7397 pp147-272 10 May 2012

[Research Highlights]

1.        A check on speeding glaciers

doi:10.1038/485150a

→グリーンランドの氷河の速度は予測よりも2000-2010年では加速していなかった．

2.        North Sea starved of oxygen

doi:10.1038/485150d

→北洋での季節的な酸素濃度の低下は1990年から強まった．

[Features]

3.        Climate forecasting: A break in the clouds

Jeff Tollefson

→雲やエアロゾルと気候モデルとの関係について．雲やエアロゾルの効果を考慮することは難しいらしい．

[NEWS & VIEWS]

4.        Climate science: A grip on ice-age ocean circulation

Jochem Marotzke

doi:10.1038/485180a

→海洋モデルに基づく気候シミュレーションは、既存の気候モデルが最終氷河期の間の大洋循環の明確な像を与えることができなかった理由を解明する鍵となるかもしれない．

[LETTERS]

5.        Twenty-first-century warming of a large Antarctic ice-shelf cavity by a redirected coastal current

Hartmut H. Hellmer, Frank Kauker, Ralph Timmermann, Jürgen Determann & Jamie Rae

doi:10.1038/nature11064

→モデルを使った南極氷床の21世紀後半の融解速度の予測．沿岸流の変化によってフィルヒナー・ロンネ棚氷底部で予想される氷の減少の速度は約20倍になるらしい．

Science 11 MAY 2012 VOL 336, ISSUE 6082, PAGES 633-760

[Letters]

6.        Conservation Concerns in the Deep

Aaron C. Hartmann and Lisa A. Levin

DOI: 10.1126/science.336.6082.668-a

[Perspectives]

7.        Understanding Earthquakes

Paul SegallWilliam B. McKinnon

DOI: 10.1126/science.1220946

8.        The Ice Age Carbon Puzzle

Edward Brook

DOI:10.1126/science.1219710

→10番目の論文のレビュー論文．

[Reports]

9.        Under the Hood of the Earthquake Machine: Toward Predictive Modeling of the Seismic Cycle

Sylvain Barbot, Nadia Lapusta, and Jean-Philippe Avouac

DOI: 10.1126/science.1218796

10.     Carbon Isotope Constraints on the Deglacial CO2 Rise from Ice Cores

Jochen Schmitt, Robert Schneider, Joachim Elsig, Daiana Leuenberger, Anna Lourantou, Jérôme Chappellaz, Peter Köhler, Fortunat Joos, Thomas F. Stocker, Markus Leuenberger, and Hubertus Fischer

DOI:10.1126/science.1217161

→南極のアイスコアから過去のδ¹³Cを復元．LGMでのδ¹³C,CO2濃度は一定で、最終退氷期ではδ13Cの値は0.3‰程低かった．

Nature Communications

11.     Potential regime shift in decreased sea ice production after the Mertz Glacier calving

T. Tamura, G.D. Williams, A.D. Fraser & K.I. Ohshima

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1820

→南極のMertz氷河では2000年から2009年の平均に比べて2010年と2011年では14%-20%減少したらしい．今後のAABW(Antarctic Bottom Water)に影響をあたえるかも？

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Nature Geoscience

Geology

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